09/23/2026
Harriet Tubman’s story did not end with the Underground Railroad or the Civil War. She lived until 1913, surrounded by younger generations of a family whose history stretched from slavery into freedom. Among those relatives were Eva and Alida Stewart, pictured here around 1910. They were Tubman’s great-nieces, descendants of her brother John Stewart, one of the brothers Harriet helped escape from Maryland in 1854. Their photograph gives us a rare opportunity to look beyond Harriet herself and see members of the family whose freedom she had risked her life to secure.
John Stewart had been enslaved on Maryland’s Eastern Shore alongside other members of the Tubman family. After Harriet escaped slavery in 1849, she repeatedly returned to Maryland to guide relatives and others north. In December 1854, she helped John and two of her other brothers, Ben and Henry, escape. The journey eventually brought members of the family to Canada, where the Fugitive Slave Act could not legally force them back into slavery. Following the Civil War, members of the extended family established new lives in freedom, while Harriet settled in Auburn, New York, where her home became an important gathering place for relatives and others in need.
By the time Eva and Alida were photographed, they belonged to a generation coming of age nearly half a century after emancipation. Their lives unfolded in an America that had abolished slavery but had by no means achieved racial equality. Black Americans faced Jim Crow segregation, disenfranchisement, racial violence and widespread discrimination, yet this was also a period of tremendous institution-building within Black communities. Families pursued education, established businesses, built churches and civic organizations, and created lives that previous generations had fought desperately to make possible.