09/10/2026
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Italian astrophotographer Marcella Giulia Pace spent 10 years photographing the full Moon from different locations across Italy, capturing 48 remarkable variations in its appearance.
Her collection, titled “Colors of the Moon,” was featured as NASA’s Astronomy Picture of the Day on November 11, 2020. The photographs were arranged in a spiral, showing shades ranging from pale yellow and orange to deep red, blue and purple.
The Moon itself does not actually change color. Its surface is mostly gray, with subtle brownish tones caused by the minerals and rocks covering it. The different colors we observe are largely produced by Earth’s atmosphere.
When the Moon is close to the horizon, its light travels through a much thicker layer of atmosphere before reaching our eyes. Shorter wavelengths of light, particularly blue, are scattered more strongly, allowing orange and red colors to become more prominent.
Dust, smoke, pollution and tiny particles suspended in the atmosphere can create additional color variations. Under unusual conditions, the Moon can even appear blue or purple.
During a total lunar eclipse, the Moon can turn deep red because sunlight passing through Earth’s atmosphere is bent into our planet’s shadow. This is the same atmospheric effect responsible for the reddish colors of many sunsets.
Earth’s atmosphere can also change the Moon’s apparent shape. Near the horizon, atmospheric refraction sometimes makes the lunar disk appear flattened rather than perfectly circular.
Pace’s decade-long project demonstrates how a single astronomical object can appear dramatically different depending on the atmosphere through which we observe it.
Source: NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day; National Geographic; Italian National Institute for Astrophysics.