08/08/2026
GREATER ONE-HORNED RHINO
Rhinoceros unicornis
Also known as the Indian rhinoceros, the greater one-horned rhino is the largest of the Asian rhino species.
Once widespread across the northern Indian subcontinent, their numbers fell dramatically due to hunting, habitat loss, and persecution. By the beginning of the 20th century, only around 200 individuals remained in the wild.
Through strict protection and conservation efforts in India and Nepal, the species has made an incredible recovery. Today, there are around 4,000 greater one-horned rhinos living in the wild.
IDENTIFICATION
Recognised by its single black horn, usually around 20–60 cm long, and its thick grey-brown skin folds that give it an armour-plated appearance.
They are generally solitary animals and are primarily grazers, feeding mostly on grasses, along with leaves, branches, fruit, and aquatic plants.
THREATS
Despite their recovery, greater one-horned rhinos still face serious threats.
Habitat loss: The destruction of natural grasslands and increasing human populations are reducing available habitat and increasing human-rhino conflict.
Poaching: Rhino horn remains highly sought after in the illegal wildlife trade, despite there being no scientific evidence that it has medicinal value.
Population & genetic diversity: Some protected areas are reaching their capacity, while isolated populations can face reduced genetic diversity and long-term breeding concerns.
The greater one-horned rhino is one of Asia’s great conservation success stories but its future still depends on continued protection.