06/04/2026
👮 When people picture LiDAR in search and recovery, they often expect an "X-ray" that pinpoints exactly what we're looking for. That's not how it works — but the reality is arguably more powerful.
Of the several cold cases I have been working on, either through local law enforcement or the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, the Bryce Borca case is still on my desk. I have no idea why, but for hours and days, over the years, I have played the "where the hell are you" game in my head. Fast forward to my new fascination with LiDAR, point clouds, and data manipulation and we are reaching the next juncture in solving cases. I recently scanned an area of interest identified by Law Enforcement.
🫸 A LiDAR point cloud, captured with optimal settings, becomes a permanent, high-resolution digital model of the terrain. From that single dataset we can derive slope, depression depth, water flow, vegetation structure, and more — and we can test each against an investigator's theory. The result isn't "there it is." It's something often more useful for a large, difficult site: a ranked, defensible "let's look here first."
But terrain shape is only part of the story. A LiDAR scan also records how each pulse of light bounces back, and that opens up even more ways to read a landscape:
Intensity & reflectivity: Every laser return carries a brightness value — how strongly that surface reflected the beam. Different materials reflect differently, so dry bone, bare soil, metal, fabric, and vegetation can each leave a distinct signature. It won't shout "here it is," but it can flag the spots that look different from everything around them — the anomalies worth a closer look.
Hillshade: Think of this as a simulated sun cast across the bare-earth model, creating light and shadow that make the ground's true shape pop into 3D. It reveals subtle features the naked eye and ordinary photos miss — old depressions, faint trails, banks, and ground disturbances — even beneath grass and light cover.
Layer these together and a flat, ordinary-looking field turns into a rich, readable map of clues.
That changes the game for logistics and resource deployment. Instead of grid-searching everything, teams can prioritize the highest-probability areas, deploy people and equipment where they matter most, and document their reasoning.
😁 And here's what excites me most about cold cases: the data is durable and reusable. A point cloud captured today can be re-analyzed years from now with more advanced AI and detection tools that don't even exist yet. The groundwork we lay now keeps paying off as technology matures.
The possibilities are genuinely promising — and we're still early.
Dakota County Sheriff's Office
Stillwater MN Police Department