22/06/2014
The smooth newt is Irelands only species of newt and a native amphibian. The smooth newt makes up an important part of Ireland’s amphibian fauna – we have only two other amphibian species: the common frog, which is a species found all over the country and the natterjack toad; a rare species confined to counties Kerry and Wexford. The smooth newt’s distribution is considered to be widespread based on survey work from the 1990’s and 1950’s.
The smooth newt lives both on land and in water. Newts spend a large part of the year in the water, migrating there in early spring to breed. In the water the male develops a wavy crest along his back and eye-catching colouring with an orange belly, bright blue streaked sides and black spots! He then carries out an elaborate courtship dance to attract females.
Newt Egg on Sphagnum Moss
Females lay 200 – 300 eggs a season attaching each egg individually to the leaves of water plants. The eggs hatch into tadpoles that live and grow in the water until autumn when they make their way onto land where they will stay till it is time for them to reproduce.
The smooth newt is tied to water. The freshwater habitat is essential for the newt to complete its life cycle and it needs slow-moving or still bodies of water in which to breed. These can be natural woodland or farmland pools, drainage ditches, garden ponds or quarry pools. Much of Ireland’s wetlands have been drained and destroyed over the last two decades. This has had a negative effect on Ireland’s biodiversity and the IWT has recognised the need to resurvey the smooth newt’s distribution and examine the impact this wetland destruction has had on the status of our native wetland creatures.